So, wars are
won at the operational and strategic level and it's all about logistics. So far Russia have been terrible on that front. Wars are
lost by bad commanders. Russia has shown it has many of those.
Battles are won, modern ones anyway, by firepower. Artillery inflict the majority of casualties and are what breaks a soldiers nerve more than anything. This is why I have been asking about the artillery reserves and stockpiles
@borolad259 . Your friend is clearly in the know about a lot, but something like hard numbers on supplies, production levels of munitions are niche and might be outside his area, perhaps even his due consideration. When this becomes an offensive war for Ukraine against fortified positions where defences are organised and lightning advances by mechanised spearhead units can be held up by mines and artillery, or in urban centres where tanks aren't decisive operators, especially when aerial superiority is not possible, it becomes attritional. Losses matter. Artillery capability matters.
So I found this. The guy is analysing from the outside and there are a lot of variables, but he does a good job I think. I'd be interested in what your mate thinks about it, if you can get him to watch it. I'd say I still favour Ukraine and think the Russians could break at any time, but it is still very much in the balance. The Russians will learn and adapt, some of their mobiks will be well trained by the spring.